Simulated microgravity induce apoptosis and down-regulation of erythropoietin receptor of UT-7/EPO cells

Hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation can be alternated on either spaceflight or under simulated microgravity experiments on the ground; however, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In the present study, we have demonstrated that exposure of human erythropoietin (EPO)-dependent leukemia cell line UT-7/EPO cells to conditions of simulated microgravity with a rotary culture instrument significantly inhibited the cellular proliferation rate. Adding higher concentrations of EPO to the culture medium failed to improve the inhibitory status. Cell apoptosis was detected by fluorescence staining of cell nuclei and a flow cytometry assay using Annexin V/PI double staining. This microgravity-induced apoptosis in UT-7/EPO cells could be blocked by a pancaspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. Immunoblotting demonstrated that rotary culture resulted in a reduction of the expression of Bcl-xL, an anti-apoptotic protein, and the cleavage of caspase-3. Furthermore, rotary culture reduced surface localization and protein content, as well as the mRNA expression of erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) of UT-7/EPO. Take together, the findings indicated that simulated microgravity may induce mitochondrial related apoptosis of UT-7/EPO cell through depressing the EPO–EPOR pathway.     

PTC推出优化人机交互的Pro/Engineer Mankin

数字化人体建模技术--Pro/Engimeer Mankin 近日,PTC公司推出的Pro/Engineer Mankin是一款能够使设计团队在3D产品的设计模型中插入3D数字化人体造模解决方案,用以模拟仿真及实现人机互动.     

Upregulation of erythropoietin receptor in UT-7/EPO cells inhibits simulated microgravity-induced cell apoptosis

Hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation can be altered in either spaceflight or under simulated microgravity experiments on the ground, however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Our previous study showed that exposure of the human erythropoietin (EPO)-dependent leukemia cell line UT-7/EPO to conditions of simulated microgravity significantly inhibited the cellular proliferation rate and induced cell apoptosis. We postulated that the downregulation of the erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) expression in UT-7/EPO cells under simulated microgravity may be a possible reason for microgravity triggered apoptosis. In this paper, a human EPOR gene was transferred into UT-7/EPO cells and the resulting expression of EPOR on the surface of UT-7/EPO cells increased approximately 61% (p < 0.05) as selected by the antibiotic G418. It was also shown through cytometry assays and morphological observations that microgravity-induced apoptosis markedly decreased in these UT-7/EPO–EPOR cells. Thus, we concluded that upregulation of EPOR in UT-7/EPO cells could inhibit the simulated microgravity-induced cell apoptosis in this EPO dependent cell line.     

喷注器出口附近液膜运动及破碎过程的理论分析

研究锥形液膜在受限空间内的运动,该液膜由离心式喷嘴产生,并受到高速环形气流的冲击。根据空气动力学理论,建立了用于分析液膜运动规律的理论模型,提出了运动液膜的破碎准则和运动液膜破碎后形成的液滴平均直径的计算公式,计算结果可作为喷注器设计的参考依据。     

一种较简单的低循环疲劳寿命预测法

 <正> 1。引言 局部应力应变法是目前预测结构裂纹起始寿命的一种行之有效的方法。根据局部应力应变法的原理,可以用计算的方法来预测构件裂纹起始寿命。在计算中,从载荷谱得到局部应变谱,可利用有限元法分析结构的局部应力应变响应。当然还可利用半经验公式(如Neuber法等)。在计算中若考虑材料的记忆特性和循环σ-ε曲线,这无疑对真实地反映受载构件的局部应力应变响应是有利的。但要做到这一点,用有限元分析所需的机时相当可观,因为它要对整个寿命期间的载荷历程进行分析计算,至少也要针对一个典型谱分析计算。 计算中材料的循环应力应变曲线一般可采用下式     

改进油流显示法研究层流和湍流下绕椭球分离流

用改进的油流显示法研究和对比了层流和湍流状态下绕椭球流动的表面摩擦力线结构 .实验中观察到 ,椭球表面摩擦力线在层流和湍流状态下具有不同的拓扑结构。只看流动对称面一侧 ,在层流状态 ,Re=1 .4× 1 0 6,迎角为 3 0°和 2 0°时都有三条分离线 ;而湍流状态同样实验条件下只观察到两条 ,并且分离线的位置推向下游 ,二次分离线长度也大大缩短。实验还观察了物体表面颗粒状突起对表面摩擦力线的影响 .层流状态下 ,雷诺数为 1 .4× 1 0 6时 ,分离线附近的颗粒状突起会显著影响分离线的形状 ,当雷诺数减为 0 .9× 1 0 6时 ,颗粒对分离线只有微弱的影响 .实验观察到的颗粒影响局限在壁面附近。本文用涡相互作用对之作了解释     

可压缩球涡和平面激波相互作用的数值研究

行进了可压缩球涡和平面激波相互作用的数值研究。一方面，用非定常Ｅｕｌｅｒ方程数值模拟了一种可压缩球涡的自身演化，同时，利用Ｒａｎｋｉｎｅ－Ｈｕｇｏｎｉｏｔ关系，在流场中嵌入运动激波，求解了激波－球涡相干的流动过程。     

含置信度叶片疲劳寿命可靠性试验技术

本文指出在进行叶片可靠性试验时,不仅要考虑可靠度指标要求,还必须综合考虑置信度、可靠度,小样特性和模拟试验技术等等因素。从这一观点出发,本文提出了一种较合理的确定叶片疲劳寿命的可靠性试验。这种技术也适用于其它零件的疲劳寿命试验。     

用急冷Al基活性钎料钎焊Si3N4陶瓷的研究

研制了三种急冷Ａｌ基活性钎料。研究结果表明：急冷Ａｌ基活性钎料的组织明显细化，熔点明显下降，基体硬度升高。在较低的钎焊温度（７５０℃）下，下加Ｎｉ粉的接头的剪切强度较高（２０８．８ＭＰａ）。钎焊温度对接头强度影响较大。当超过一定钎焊温度后，接头强度明显下降；加Ｎｉ粉复合钎焊可明显提高接头的剪切强度，在钎焊温度为８００℃时接头的最高剪切强度为２２５ＭＰａ，加Ｎｉ粉的复合接头在界面两侧形成均匀分布富Ｎｉ带。这是接头强度提高的主要原因。     

Performance analysis of GPS carrier phase observable

The accuracy analysis of Global Positioning System (GPS) carrier phase observable measured by a digital GPS receiver is presented. A digital phase-locked loop (DPLL) is modeled to extract the carrier phase of the received signal after a pseudorandom noise (PRN) code synchronization system despreads the received PRN coded signal. Based on phase noise characteristics of the input signal, the following performance of the first, second, and third-order DPLLs is analyzed mathematically: (1) loop stability and transient process; (2) steady-state probability density function (pdf), mean and variance of phase tracking error; (3) carrier phase acquisition performance; and (4) mean time to the first cycle-slipping. The theoretical analysis is verified by Monte Carlo computer simulations. The analysis of the dependency of the phase input noise and receiver design parameters provides with an important reference in designing the carrier phase synchronization system for high accuracy GPS positioning